Linux

Oh, also the biggest difference between Linux and Windows is that you don't go to different websites to install new software. In general you use your distribution's package manager. Think of it like a software center.

Going to a website to download software is a last ditch effort if your distribution doesn't have what you are looking for.

first quesrion: no unless you play rainbiw six or fortnite all games run with wine or proton tou could take a look at garuda gaming edition 2: Yes you can r2modman has a appimage (universal linux app) and forge has a linux client for minecraft 3: you could use wine or always just spin up a windows vm if you need it and it doesnt work with wine 4: yes it can run .NET using the wine compaitibilty layer 5: updates are distro specific for example on debain ud do sudo apt update && upgrade or on arch its sudo pacman -Syu 6: its actuslly more secure with it being open source because anyonr can check for vulrabiltys and since its so unkown theres little malware affecting desktop users most are targeting servers and theres one av i know called clamtk theres also rkhunter that looks for root kits only 7: linux has a weird reltonship with gpu drivers for nvidia theres nvidia open source that offer worse perfomrance but are open source and nvidia properitary that run better but are prob spyware 8: Linux cant really damage hardware 9: for distros Linux Mint is and like windows Pop os is good for gaming or for a arch linux based exooernce but still easy try garuda gaming it comes with everything you need to game.

Lots of good answers to your other Qs here so I'm gonna focus on your last one. If you lack in-depth computer skills as much as I'm imagining, than I think the best distro for you would be Bazzite.

Firstly, I'm going to call out the users here suggesting Mint. Mint is only a good beginner distro for people that are already "early adopters" or tech-savvy to switch to Linux for the first time. When I first switched from Windows 10 on my desktop last year, I tried Mint. Keep in mind, I have extensive knowledge of the commandline and headless Debian from several years of running a homelab. I found it completely intolerable how much wasn't intuitive, how difficult cinnamon was, how much set up was involved in getting graphics drivers working, and gaming going. It wasn't that I'm incapable, it's that I don't want my gaming desktop to require that much tinkering just to play games. Let alone that I can't imagine how steep that learning curve would be for a casual gamer with minimal tech skills.

That brings me to Bazzite. I switched back fully to Windows 10 for several months because of how disillusioned I was before learning about it. Bazzite is one of a handful of distros that have taken the SteamOS experience from the Steam Deck and tried to build on/improve it. It uses the KDE desktop environment, which is super similar to Windows 10 in look and feel. It includes everything you need for gaming right out of the box, including graphics drivers already installed, Steam as well, all of the frameworks and compatibility tools you need already configured. It's immutable too, which means the system directories are locked down so you can't accidentally break things. There's a unified system updater that cover everything. The system, your applications, compatibility tools, all of it updated with just one click.

As well, games just work without needing special configuration. It's truly the easiest to use distro for people switching from Win10 that just want to play games with their computer, maybe some internet browsing and email alongside that. You also don't have to worry about stupid codec issues if you wanna watch youtube or streaming sites in the browser.

Seriously people, stop recommending Mint. All the folks who would be okay with the amount of tinkering it requires have already made the switch. If we want the less tech-savy gaming folks to be able to make the switch, we need to be recommending something that will just work out of the gates for them. Pushing them to distro-hop is just going to push them to Win11. Plus, the more that make that leap, the more likely game devs will have to target WINE, the less games will be borked. It's already pretty minimal though, especially if it doesn't use anti-cheat.

Will my ability to play games be significantly affected compared to Windows?

It will be somewhat affected, but most games can be played via wine/proton.

Can I mod games as freely and as easily as I do on Windows?

Depends on the game and mods? Some games like Minecraft can run and be modded natively in Linux.

If a program has no Linux version, is it unusable, or are there workarounds?

Again, there is wine/proton for that.

Can Linux run programs that rely on frameworks like .NET or other Windows-specific libraries?

If I remember correctly, you can install .NET, DirectX and so on in wine.

How do OS updates work in Linux? Is there a "Linux Update" program like what Windows has?

You are going to love updates coming from Windows. Basically you run your package manager update command and everything is taken care of.

How does digital security work on Linux? Is it more vulnerable due to being open source? Is there integrated antivirus software, or will I have to source that myself?

I'm no security expert, but the consensus is that it's more secure. I'll leave it to more competent people to explain.

Are GPU drivers reliable on Linux?

Depends. NVIDIA used to be annoying to manage.

Can Linux (in the case of a misconfiguration or serious failure) potentially damage hardware?

About this, I have no idea.

And also, what distro might be best for me?

I have seen Linux Mint often suggested to new users, but picking a distro is a topic that deserves a whole new post.

Will my ability to play games be significantly affected compared to Windows?

Not greatly. The games that have anti-cheat won't work on Linux. Anti-cheat is a security problem anyway (because they circumvent the kernel policies) and so linux will never support these.

Can I mod games as freely and as easily as I do on Windows?

for the ones that work yes. There's a list of how well games work on linux, there's a website for that.

If a program has no Linux version, is it unusable, or are there workarounds?

For some "difficult" non-anti-cheat games there are some workarounds. If we're talking about apps and not games, then it's best to use the Linux equivalents, and forget the Windows ones.

Can Linux run programs that rely on frameworks like .NET or other Windows-specific libraries?

While there's WINE and .NET for Linux, Windows apps don't really work well. They usually break on new wine versions, or they don't work at all. For apps, use Linux native apps. Games generally work better than apps because they don't use too many of the Windows APIs (they're mostly 3D stuff, and not app apis).

How do OS updates work in Linux? Is there a “Linux Update” program like what Windows has?

It depends on the distro. Some distros have graphical front ends, some you have to use the terminal to update the OS.

How does digital security work on Linux? Is it more vulnerable due to being open source? Is there integrated antivirus software, or will I have to source that myself?

There's ClamAV, and also you should be turning the firewall On (some distros come with it, others you have to install it manually). Don't downloads random binary packages, only from the distro itself, or official packages.

Are GPU drivers reliable on Linux?

Overall, yeah... but it does depend on the version of the driver, distro you're using, hardware etc. I use Intel graphics cards (dedicated) because I find their drivers to be more mature than nvidia's, for example.

Can Linux (in the case of a misconfiguration or serious failure) potentially damage hardware?

Very unlikely, near zero.

And also, what distro might be best for me?

Everyone is recommended to start with Linux Mint, because it's the distro with the most GUI front-end tools to do stuff. Yes, there are some distros that are more game-oriented, but they expect the user to know what they're doing. Start with Mint.

People have answered most questions. The gaming thing is a total lie though.

Some specific games will work kinda okay. The vast majority will work worse. And a good chunk of super popular games won’t work at all. Just dual boot and keep gaming on windows.

People in here straight up lie to push for Linux when it’s really not necessary. It’s great at what it does. And it’s improving in what it doesn’t.

The are plenty answers already, but also I will respond in order to give you more opinions, so, you can have a more open view about what users do think about linux.

Will my ability to play games be significantly affected compared to Windows?

Yes. In windows you put the .exe in some folder and then double click to play it, easy. Nowadays games come with a client, like Rockstar Social Club, or the Ubisoft launcher that handles your account and manages game updates. In linux, even if you had only the .exe you still had to make an uncertain number of tweaks to achieve running the game, but, with the clients, you need to do both, find the correct tweaks to run the client and do the correct tweaks to run the game next. Even with modern solutions, like Proton, we strugle with games running in Linux. See there are no silver bullets.

Can I mod games as freely and as easily as I do on Windows?

If you find trouble modding games on Windows, you also will have a bad time in linux.

If a program has no Linux version, is it unusable, or are there workarounds?

You can use WINE to give it a shot. There is a probability that works very well. But, like games, you will need to make tweaks to work properly. I had this problem with Rufus, there is not linux version, so you can run it with WINE, the problem is that Rufus under WINE doesn't reconogize your usb pendrives. Till this day I do not know how to fix that.

Can Linux run programs that rely on frameworks like .NET or other Windows-specific libraries?

Thankfully we have dotnet core now, the thing is that the library or software must have been compiled with it to work in linux. There is also Mono.

How do OS updates work in Linux? Is there a “Linux Update” program like what Windows has?

If you use a distro, like Linux Mint, there will be a job that will check for updates and then warn you. Normally, updates are done manuallly (sudo apt-get update, for example). The other thing is doing your own update script job that runs automatically weekly or monthly.

How does digital security work on Linux? Is it more vulnerable due to being open source? Is there integrated antivirus software, or will I have to source that myself?

This is a computers knowledge concern, most linux distribution have this disabled by default. Your resposability as linux administrator is set up your own security metrics. I use fail2ban, ufw, clamav and openssh. Very basic, if you ask me.

Are GPU drivers reliable on Linux?

With AMD hell yes. But, since I have never used Nvidia before my answer here could not be the most valuable, empirically speaking.

Can Linux (in the case of a misconfiguration or serious failure) potentially damage hardware?

The most probably thing that can happen to you is break your boot system. Hardware will be fine and you can always reinstall Linux/Windows with its default boot.

And also, what distro might be best for me?

As you want to play games, and, I do imagine that you also want linux as you main PC, I would recommend Linux Mint to start, all the documentation avaible for debian easily apply for Linux Mint, I mean, if you can't find some specific solution in the Linux Mint documentation.

My last two cents are the next ones: if you can, use windows just to play things and use linux for everything else. It works for me and may work with you. Cheers.