I'm on the other side of the coin, I really don't know how I'm supposed to learn to use the terminal. I can do sudo apt get to get some programs and updates, as well as mv and cp, but that's where it stops for me.
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I literally only use it when a how-to guide explains exactly what to do and why. Then I forget what I did and look up how to do it again six months later. I'm fine with this arrangement, though I will prefer to have to use it less.
You need a purpose. For instance I needed to copy and edit config files for a bunch terminals my company has deployed last week. Instead of manually copying the template directory 80 times and editing the 2 lines that needed to be changed in the parameter file for each one I used powershell to extract the name and id for each terminal from the log files and create copy of the template directory for each one, then replace the terminal name and id in the parameter file of the new directory with the ones extracted from the logs. This would have taken me all day to do manually and it only took about 45 minutes to write up the script and run it. I did have some prior experience with doing this kind of thing but hadn't tied them all together lile that before so i learned some stuff.
Maybe you need to have some sort of objective before you get started, otherwise yeah, you don't have much to do in the console :) In my case I only use linux for work, so I'm ssh-ing away and running commands to compile this, apply that, show me the logs for this, grep that, etc.
Wait till you try fish or zsh loaded with all the fancy plugins lol
or zoxide and yazi
I'd use the terminal more if it had better auto suggestions, and allowed me to treat the text like any normal text editor, instead of having to learn keyboard shortcuts just to basic text manipulation. So far Warp terminal is the best option I've found
Could you 'splain it to me? Cuz I installed Mint 3 months ago, totally happy, and I don't get it.
I'm getting ready to change one of my Ubuntu machines over to Mint, as the next iteration of Ubuntu requires more RAM. While I've done these changes many times, I've never quite understood the deal with setting up the partitions.
- tab completion works in more places than you might expect
- ctrl-a/ctrl-e for start/end of line
- ctrl-u to clear the command youβve typed so far but store it into a temporary pastebuffer
- ctrl-y to paste the ctrl-uβd command
- ctrl-w to delete by word (I prefer binding to alt-backspace though)
- ctrl-r to search your command history
- alt-b/alt-f to move cursor back/forwards by word
- !! is shorthand for the previous run command; handy for
sudo !!
- !$ is the last argument of the previous command; useful more often than youβd think
which foo
tells you where thefoo
program is locatedls -la
cd
without any args takes you to your home dircd -
takes you to your previous dir- ~ is a shorthand for your home dir
Saved! Thank you so much.
I've used Linux full-time since late 2020 and I never knew about ctrl+y
and ctrl+u
.
I'd also like to contribute some knowledge.
aliases
You can put these into your ~/.bashrc
or ~/.zshrc
or whatever shell you use.
###
### ls aliases
###
# ls = colors
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
# ll = ls + human readable file sizes
alias ll='ls -lh --color=auto'
# lla = ll + show hidden files and folders
alias lla='ls -lah --color=auto'
###
### other aliases
###
# set color for different commands
alias diff='diff --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
alias ip='ip --color=auto'
# my favourite way of navigating to a far-off folder
# this scans my home folder and presents me with a list of
# fuzzy-searchable folders
# you need fzf and fd installed for this alias to work
alias cdd='cd "$(sudo fd -t d . ${HOME} | fzf)"'
recommendations
ncdu - a shell-based tool to analyze disk usage, think GNOME's baobab or KDE's filelight but in the terminal
zellij - tmux but easy and with nice colors
atuin - shell history but good, fuzzy-searchable. If you still have the basic shell history (when pressing ctrl+r
), I cannot recommend this enough.
ranger - a terminal file-browser (does everything I need and way more)
Also, Terminal User Interfaces are a nice middle ground between learning terminal commands and having a GUI.
Example:
btop - process manager TUI
ncmpcpp - TUI media player, used mpd on the backend
Here's a big list: https://github.com/rothgar/awesome-tuis
+1 for Atuin. I constantly use it on my machine and SSH-ing on remote machines who don't have it is an absolute pain.
I'm gonna have to save this thread and check some of those!
Yeah, linux-servers without the tools installed in your PC are a hassle. That's why I learned to work with vim, as that's in nearly every distro's repo.
I recommended atuin as I was using it before, but currently I am using ohmyzsh with the fzf plugin for zsh. This has a very atuin-like interface and handling, but as a plugin for zsh itself.
For me the Home/End keys also go to the start/end of a line like ctrl-a/ctrl-e, and ctrl-tab/ctrl-Tab move the cursor fwd/back a word at a time.
What's the shortcut for scrolling the terminal?
Saving this! Absolutely gold, thanks for writing it up. You're what makes the Linux community cool. β€οΈ
tab completion works in more places than you might expect
I've found tab to be such a nice "please give me a hint" button.
- Bonus tip : Sometimes you won't get auto complete because there's too many possibilities and the computer can't be certain which one you want. Hitting tab multiple times will show the possibilities, so you can type in enough characters to remove ambiguity, hit tab again, and boom auto complete!
...That was a terribly convoluted explanation I'm sorry. Just try hitting tab multiple times for fun if you're stuck it's kinda handy. Lol
If youβre looking for a full list of these kind of navigation shortcuts, they all come from readline
so read the man
page for that. Or just look up the basic navigation of emacs
which is what readline
is mimicking.
A neat thing is that a lot of command line programs use readline. So learning and configuring it will also be useful in for example the Python REPL and calc.
Here are some neat configuration options you can put in ~/.inputrc
set completion-ignore-case on
set show-all-if-ambiguous on
set completion-prefix-display-length 9
set blink-matching-paren on
set mark-symlinked-directories on
And if you are a sensible person who is used to vim
set editing-mode vi
set show-mode-in-prompt on
If you or someone you know wants a taste of that experience on Windows, try out winget or chocolatey.
i'd also recommend scoop. when i had windows before i switched, i preferred it to winget or chocolately.
As an administrator, powershell is an essential tool these days. There are tunables that Microsoft simply only exposes via powershell even in their cloud Microsoft 365 environments. Just last month I had to rely on Powershell to trim previous versions on SharePoint, and 2 weeks ago I had to use Powershell to adjust a parameter on Exchange.
But also being able to pop a Powershell session and quickly apply a registry fix or run a diagnostic command or even just install a piece of software without disrupting a user's work is absolutely brilliant (plus saves a call when I can just email back and say "I've pushed it remotely, reboot and it should be sorted now")
Every time I use Powershell it makes me love bash even more
Yeah Powershell has way more weird limitations than Bash but it's way better than using cmd.exe
Also, updates.
"hey computer! Update!"
"Sure thing, here is a list of 57 packages I will update, y/n?"
"y"
"ok... done!"
π
It's not a big deal via terminal but for me and probably the average user, a decent update UI is superior. I want my computer to remind me like once a week and then update with one or two clicks. Updating via terminal does not appeal to me.
Linux Mint has a good update GUI that can be accessed via a system tray icon in the taskbar.
Sure, it's a matter taste and I too like a good UI.
Both can exist, that's a another beauty of linux.
And this happens too. I get a little tray icon saying 'do updates' and I tap that and all my applications whether fwupd (firmware), flatpak or rpm updates are there and I click 'go', including the most recent nvidia drivers. In my case, KDE 'discover' does this for me. I'm so lazy as to not want to bother running the three terminal commands (dnf, fwupdmgr, and flatpak).
Meanwhile, under windows, I do that, but then it doesn't do my firmware, so my hardware vendor has their own updater (which also suggests driver updates that Microsoft does not suggest), but if I use those then I still miss out on decent nvidia drivers, I need to go to nvidia to get those updates. And pretty much every application is then independently telling me time to update something or another in a never ending parade of 'update me now' icons in the tray.
Meanwhile it can be greatly mitigated in Windows by opening up a terminal and doing a winget update. Except it keeps offering up this one Office update that hangs with a blank terminal in my screen, and it still misses half the stuff..
Getting me silenced by the mob of mods is just what a dirty Linux user would do.
Removed Comment: Windows has winget upgrade --all
. Fucking cultists.
Though it doesn't work fully, and as it works it's spewing windows on my screen, because so much of the windows ecosystem doesn't believe in headless operation.
Literally just make the updates silent.
https://www.edtechirl.com/p/set-it-and-forget-it-daily-silent
But how do Linux users handle the crippling loneliness of their operating system not pestering them with ads on every update? How else can you know if your computer loves you? Where is the warmth of the corporate embrace?
i like leaving top on all day just to watch it.
you've seen top, get ready for btop
I'm the htopopotamus, my processes are bottomless
i'm definitely ready to btop