Canada

Do these designs have any impact on emergency vehicles? Or do they cost more to put in than a regular road? Do they make driving less efficient and cause more emissions? Can they be ignored like lights or stop signs?

I feel like speed cameras might be a better solution than speed bumps or other road barriers. Penalize the bad drivers up to and including taking away their driver's license if they can't comply with the rules, allow emergency vehicles to somewhat the need to do, and collect some revenue to offset the cost of enforcement of safety.

Traffic sign/signal camera are a good idea too. If you can't/won't follow the rules of the road, I think you should pay fines and eventually have your license removed. Cameras are a far more effective way to do that than officers.