Not sure but I pulled a box truck out of a ditch yesterday with my lightning and it DEF had the torque to pull that thing. Not pictured, the trailer I had to unhook that was behind said box truck.

I tow with mine all the time, admittedly not at significant long haul distances, usually around 10-30 miles. It has never been super rough on battery when towing either.

They could easily have enough torque but fail in other ways

• maybe heat dissipation or battery life with big discharges
• maybe brakes or handling
• maybe it’s just too expensive to add enough battery to give them useful range

Why are you expecting an F-150 to have high towing capacity? It's the smallest "full size" pickup Ford sells. ICE or EV, the frame, brakes and suspension isn't designed for high towing.

EV is torquey as hell, but I thought the main complaint about the Lighting was the towing range, which again, if you're doing real towing on the regular, you should get something a little bigger, if for no other reason then the safety of other people on the road.

And honestly, I think Ford could have saved the Lighting lineup by offering a generator unit that could sit in the bed and keep the batteries charged for long hauls. A sort of adhoc Edison Motors style hybrid.