It is likely like cancer, a cluster of conditions that resemble each other in the end. Every time I hear someone talk about "a cure for cancer" I say cancer is like car accidents. You could find a car upside down on the side of the road but there could be many causes for it, drunk driving, asleep at the wheel, mechanical failure, hit and run, etc.
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In other words, "Scientists Conclude Both Trump & RFK Jr. Are Utter A**holes For Believing Autism Is Caused By Tylenol, And You Should Be Voting For Democrats Instead"
You're allowed to say assholes on the Internet
But you aren't allowed to call HitlerPig an asshole. Or HitlerPig either, but it's too late for me, I'm already on a bunch of lists.
Shit piss fuck cunt cocksucker motherfucker tits fart turds and twat.
But that's not what politicians with absolutely no scientific or medical credentials are telling me.
Welcome to 2015. This is not new.
Sometimes it's worth having new studies that add confirmation and detail to conclusions people have already reached. This article does seem to be reporting on new research.
And with that, if possible at all, there is no single fix either.
Get fucked by an umbrella, RFK
Then go ask your boss if he can close it for you.
I heard that being liberal makes you autistic.
Been saying this for years, feels vindicating. I'm ADD and I've been wondering about the possibility of autism, every time I try to look into the symptoms it seems wildly varied, poorly defined and vastly misunderstood. At least with ADHD/ADD you can blame the blood ghosts and do a cocaine about it.
Technically, we do a meth about it! Cocaine does almost nothing for me since I've received a doctor-ordered double dose of meth daily since my diagnosis at 17. Damn the blood ghosts for cockblocking all the potential cocaine connections I've missed out on!
The only thing “technically meth” about Ritalin is that it has the word “methyl” in it. I know you are making a lighthearted joke but it’s still really harmful because a majority of the population still literally believe that the doctor wants to give their kid meth and then withhold critical treatment that people need.
Ritalin isn't methamphetamine, but Desoxyn is, and that's also used for ADHD.
It is extremely, extremely, extremely rare for someone to be prescribed Desoxyn in the modern age. Nobody you know with ADHD is taking that.
So if autism is a broader term that includes multiple conditions shouldn't we stop using it and start using the names of the actual conditions? Isn't it basically like hysteria which was split into epilepsy, dissociative disorders, personality disorders and so on?
We refer to a spectrum of diseases as cancer even though they have a variety of causes. Given that autism has been described as a spectrum of various behaviors, I wouldn't be surprised as variations of autism become understood.
When they're understood well enough to have individual names, yes.
In most cases the diagnosis is observational. Blood tests and brain scans aren't used for this kind of thing, although that could change someday.
The DSM hasn't even been updated with the differences in how women present ASD.
IMO, as a 'high-functioning autist':
Yes.
The field of psychology is constantly redefining things based on ever shifting subjective analysis of behavioral patterns, and uh, being someone who very much prefers concrete, consistent, definable rules and categories, logically followable mechanistic processes...
Fucking yes, please, be more accurate and precise in a more objective way, based on far superior methodology, fucking please.
I feel like at minimum we should have it broken up by different favors, kinda like how Asperger's was a sub diagnosis under the umbrella of autism for awhile.
Or we can take the process-based approach, where we stop caring about defining boxes perfectly and we start caring about patterns of thoughts and behaviors. This may sound woowoo or without empirical basis, but some of the most successful programs for verbal autism are based on these ideas, the AIM and PEAK programs.
I can understand why some would think that, as I once did.
Physical therapy is similar in that it matters very little why you have pain. You can improve or eliminate the symptom by appropriately exercising the affected areas.
Similarly, the behavioral treatments can take advantage of all humans' natural adaptability to teach them to model and normalize more socially healthy behaviors.
I'm totally out of my depth in these fields but I have been convinced through firsthand experience via physical therapy. I'm sure it is not a catch all solution to just attack the symptoms, but it does have positive observable results and it therefore seems at least noteworthy.
I'm glad you've seen positive results with physical therapy.
I'd argue that a good physical therapist will understand the cause of the injury, so that they make a good treatment plan. Similarly, a good (contextual) behavior analyst will understand the causes for their patients' difficulties, so that they can make a good treatment plan. When you know where you're standing, it's easier to move forward. That is why evaluation is crucial in both physical therapy and programs like AIM and PEAK.
They do for many, but sometimes I think they don’t know exactly what or it could be multiple things which is why it’s the Autism Spectrum and it’s easier to say they are “on the spectrum” or “autistic” if you can’t pinpoint exactly what.
Trying to conclude "what it's caused by" is driven by wanting it to be over with. It's been researched, we found a reason, move on to something else.
Whats the reason?
JFK Jr. says it's tylenol. I'm not kidding. He wants to check that box and move on to something he actually cares about. It's a shitty way to treat people.
Tylenol and circumcision
Scientists concluded this in the 1990s, and then had to produce yet another study to unequivocally state it again after every time someone claimed to have found the “cause”.
This is part of the reason it was re-named ASD in the first place; it describes a set of atypical neurological development symptoms, not an identifiable state of being. Kind of like “cancer” describes an atypical cellular reproductive state, not a pathogen attacking your cells. Both can be caused by many different factors or combination of factors.
Of course, with ASD, it doesn’t even mean there’s anything particularly wrong most of the time; just atypical, resulting in a person whose thoughts are weighted differently than historically typical, with less interpretation of social cues and a greater ability to focus.
This seems similar to the phenomenon where antidepressants are only effective for about 15% of patients. The benefit is large for those who benefit. For the rest, they're no better than placebo, suggesting the drugs treat one of several causes for the syndrome known as depression.
Yeah but we're not allowed to talk about how that 85% has been prescribed stuff that doesn't help them, very often has negative, deleterious, harmful mental and physical sideeffects, oh and also often cause dependency/addiction.
Because then when you look at it that way, that would mean basically all currently active, prescribing pscyhiatrists would be open to malpractice lawsuits, and/or drugmakers would be open to gigantic class action lawsuits.
You know, like with opioid pain killers?
But uh nope, nope, that can't be allowed to be considered, so .... just don't talk about it.
Doctors are generally not subject to malpractice suits for engaging in what was believed to be the best practice at the time. That's how it should be, because that's how science works.
Knowing that antidepressants don't work for most people presents a difficult problem though. There is no test to determine whether they will work other than trying them for months. Never trying them would be unethical because they can be life saving and life changing for those who respond. Using them indiscriminately is also unethical because they have side effects and withdrawal symptoms.
I would at least appreciate it if doctors were permitted to jump ahead to the actually effective stuff (i.e. ketamine, psilocybin therapy) without having to force the patient through the gauntlet of ineffective drugs first. I believe it's insurance companies to blame for that one. They would rather not pay out for quarterly/yearly/one time ketamine treatments that actually work, because that means their money isn't flowing in the preferred direction. I guess they prefer us to die buying tainted drugs off the street.
with less interpretation of social cues and a greater ability to focus.
"ability to focus" is more accurately described as "tendency to focus". "ability to focus" connotes control over focus, which... from lived experience and what I've read, just isn't generally true. Autistic inertia – the inability to defocus and then focus on a new context – is very real. Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder not just because of an ignorance of social cues but because of how rigid, inflexible patterns of behavior often interfere with daily life.
Autist here:
Yeah, describing it as simply 'greater' or 'lesser' ability to control or maintain focus is... well, too simplistic.
I can, when it comes to task, hyperfocus on something like writing a piece of complex code / software, try to solve a real world engineering problem, do a comprehensive data analysis of some topic, write a chapter of a novel... I can hyperfocus on that for a solid day or week or month, and I have to actively remind myself to do things like eat and sleep regularly, because I know I tend to get obsessively focused on 'the task'.
Shifting to another task, another very different ... realm of thinking, or way of thinking, is often very jarring and exhausting.
But on the flip side, when socializing, people tend to say I am scatter brained, overwhelming, because I just flow all the way through my entire chain of concept associations to end up with a resulting... thing I am trying to say.
Sort of like how modern agentic AI has an 'explain its thinking process' mode.
Thats just the default for me, its all an explicit, conscious train of thought.
For me, summarizing that chain of thought into just a resultant 'thing to say' is the difficult part, that I get worse at the more mentally exhausted I am.
Also, I would say most, not all, but most autists... its not that we are inattentive to or ignorant of social cues.
Its that neurotypicals tend to process social cues mostly subconsciously, whereas autists tend to process social cues mostly consciously...
... and that most neurotypicals actually all have widely variable, inconsistent and imprecise standards by which they judge and perform social cues, but most of them are unaware of this, to the point that they are overly confident that everyone has the same rubric and understanding of social cues as they do, when this very obviously is not the case.
So, this confuses/overwhelms many/most autists, because they are presented with an inconsistent and variable ruleset, and then also told that this ruleset is consistent and invariable.
Neurotypicals will often get angry/rude/frustrated/overwhelmed when you try to break this down and explain this to them, presumably because they largely are not aware of / do not have this explicit, conscious thought process, and tend to interperet being asked to formulate it in consistent, precise detail just as a rude, unreasonable thing to ask for.
Basically, imo, NTs use a fuzzy, fast, less accurate, mostly unconscious heuristic to evaluate and perform social cues, and they tend to be very confident they are doing this correctly...
... whereas Autists tend to logically and consciously go through an entire evaluation system, which is more robust and thorough in that its basically a discrete series of probabilistic associations, but this is all much slower, much more 'computationally costly' to perform.
So, when an Autist is oversocialized, under too much pressure to perform socially, they can get overwhelmed and then either basically shutdown or freak out.
This also works, imo, to explain why Autists tend to take longer to initially learn socialization cues and concepts... because they are having to build a much more conscious, step by step evaluation model of all possible micro/macro expressions, tonal shifts, inflexions, vocab choices, all possibly relevant context, etc, and this can often be much more difficult to establish when Neurotypicals are nearly entirely unaware of or dismissive of their own inconsistencies and variability when it comes to those things.
This also works to explain why Autists are often seen as overly straightforward or blunt: They're just telling you the result of their attempt to evaluate a social interaction.
And this also explains why almost no NT person I've ever met can accurately assess my emotional state / social interaction disposition, yet they almost all are very confident they can do so correctly and precisely.
EDIT
And I will here comment on the meta-irony of all of this, that ... any scientist could just ask a 'high-functioning' autist to explain how this works, and they could... you know, trust what a person says about how their own thought processes work?
But nope, nope, still we are pathologized as if we are strange, alien, confused and confusing others, not valid sources of information as to how our own minds work, when our whole 'problem' is that we are way too aware of how our minds work.
Why do you think PTSD coincides with the later Autism diagnosis group more strongly than the early diagnosis group?
Because we have been saying shit like this our whole lives, and broadly, nobody cares and just makes up whatever explanation or understanding they prefer, which is almost always significantly innacurate/incomplete, so we tend to live lives of constantly being slandered and mocked, rarely being respected as human beings with full agency.
The analysis, published last week in the journal Nature, showed that children diagnosed before the age of 6 were more likely to have behavioral difficulties—such as problems with social interaction—from an early age. In contrast, those diagnosed after the age of 10 were more likely to experience social and behavioral difficulties during adolescence.
So if you have behavioral problems early, you're more likely to get diagnosed early, when you have behavioral difficulties later, you're more likely to get diagnosed later.
The phrasing here seems to want to imply a reverse causal relationship, but I'm pretty sure the conclusion here is that kids don't get tested for autism before they display autism-like behaviour.
As for the actual causes of autism, I recently read that the genetic and family is about 60-90% of the causes, making it by far the biggest cause, and not environmental factors like RFK likes to suggest. But it's not a single gene, it might be other stuff, and it's not an on/off thing but a big pile of factors that add up.
But there are also environmental factors that do have an impact. Not vaccines or Tylenol, but some kinds of pesticides, for example. Maybe that's something RFK could focus on.
Its more than a tautology, you are oversimplifying.
Or, well, as always with writings on or about science aimed at a general audience... the writers are oversimplifying, always read the paper.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09542-6
What they are describing is that those diagnosed early have a different behavioral psychological profile, different set of observed behaviors, than those diagnosed later.
They are saying that ASD has roughly two different sets of distinguishable behavioral profiles, and one of those sets is so obvious it tends to get diagnosed early, and another set is less obvious such that it tends to get diagnosed later.
While they seem hesitant to use the terminology of saying 'there may be two fairly distinct subtypes of autism', likely because they want to emphasize that more research needs to be done, they do not want to lead to people making rash and non nuanced conclusions... that basically is what they are saying, that there appear to be distinct genetic profiles that produce observably different 'kinds' of autism.
They ran a battery of statstical meta analysis on different genomes and behavioral profiles of Autists, and this chart I think summarizes it best:
(Those bars are 95% confidence intervals)
Two, fairly distinct behavioral/neurodevelopmental/phenotypical profiles, that also go along with two, fairly distinct underlying genomic profiles.
Here's the source instead of a paywalled news article https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/study-reveals-genetic-and-developmental-differences-in-people-with-earlier-versus-later-autism